Tema: Russisk revolution

Se også: Se også: Rusland/USSR; Sovjetunionen

Russisk revolution
Se også: Rusland/USSR; Sovjetunionen

Dalia Said Mostafa + Siobhan Brown + Regi Pilling: Women and revolution
Socialist Review nr. 367, mar 12 – side 18
Note: International Women’s Day, 8 March, was established by socialists to celebrate the struggles of working class women. We look at how the fight for women’s liberation and revolution has gone hand in hand with three great revolutions – in Russia in 1917, Spain in 1936-37 and Egypt today.
 

Chris Bambery: 90 years since The Russian Revolution: 1917 – Russia in revolution
Socialist Worker nr. 2075, nov 07 – side 7
Note: Chris Bambery introduces a Socialist Worker special to commemorate the 90th anniversary of the Russian Revolution
 

Chris Bambery: 90 years since The Russian Revolution: Fighting for its life
Socialist Worker nr. 2075, nov 07 – side 7
Note: From day one the Russian Revolution found itself under attack. On only its second day a counter-revolutionary army advanced on Petrograd.
 

Esme Choonara: 90 years since The Russian Revolution: The global impact
Socialist Worker nr. 2075, nov 07 – side 8
Note: Internationalism was at the heart of the 1917 revolution, both as a principle and as a practical necessity. The Bolsheviks believed that the revolution must spread in order to survive.
 

Mike Haynes: 90 years since The Russian Revolution: Power of the masses
Socialist Worker nr. 2075, nov 07 – side 8
Note: Revisionist historians claim that all revolutions end in bloodshed and dictatorship. This is a dishonest view of history, argues Mike Haynes.
 

90 years since The Russian Revolution: Witnesses to change
Socialist Worker nr. 2075, nov 07 – side 9
Note: Eye witness accounts of the revolution
 

Judith Orr: 90 years since The Russian Revolution: A party to lead the working class
Socialist Worker nr. 2075, nov 07 – side 10
Note: Lenin’s model of a revolutionary party was the key factor in the ability of workers in Russia to take power.
 

90 years since The Russian Revolution: Revolution in words
Socialist Worker nr. 2075, nov 07 – side 10
Note: The Russian Revolution is one of the most important events in world history and has inspired many debates, articles and books.
 

Kevin Murphy: Can we write the history of the Russian Revolution?
International Socialism Journal nr. 116, okt 07 – side 33
Note: This Isaac and Tamara Deutscher Memorial Prize Lecture was delivered in London, November 2006. The prize was awarded for Kevin Murphy’s book, "Revolution and Counterrevolution: Class Struggle in a Moscow Metal Factory"
 

Abbie Bakan: A rich history of revolution
Socialist Review nr. 318, okt 07 – side 14
Note: What can an internet-surfing generation learn from the struggle of workers, soldiers and peasants 90 years ago? Abbie Bakan celebrates the Russian Revolution of October 1917
 

Pete Glatter: The light that hasn’t failed
International Socialism Journal nr. 110, mar 06 – side 153
Note: Kevin Murphy’s book "Revolution and Counterrevolution: Class Struggle in a Moscow Metal Factory" is a landmark in the study of Soviet history. The book is a stark challenge to the conventional idea that ‘Lenin led to Stalin’—ie, that Stalinism arose on the basis of the 1917 Revolution instead of in opposition to it. Kevin discussed the issues raised by his book, which won the 2005 Deutscher Memorial prize, with Pete Glatter.
 

Mike Haynes: Rediscovering the revolution (Kevin Murphy: "Revolution and Counterrevolution: Class Struggle in a Moscow Metal Factory")
International Socialism Journal nr. 107, jun 05 – side 178
Note: A review of Kevin Murphy, Revolution and Counterrevolution: Class Struggle in a Moscow Metal Factory (Berghahn Books, 2005), £45
 

Sheila McGregor: Neither Washington nor Moscow (Martin Amis: "Koba the Dread"; S A Smith: "The Russian Revolution: A Very Short Introduction"; Mike Haynes: "Russia: Class and Power 1917-2000")
International Socialism Journal nr. 97, dec 02 – side 109
Note: Sheila McGregor on three very different analyses of the Russian Revolution and its results.
 

Derek Howl: Bookwatch: the Russian Revolution
International Socialism Journal nr. 62, mar 94 – side 129
Note: Bookwatch looks at the history of the Russian Revolution.
 

Samuel Farber: In defence of democratic revolutionary socialism
International Socialism Journal nr. 55, jun 92 – side 85
Note: John Rees' 'In defence of October', published in International Socialism 52 has proven to be a controversial account of the Bolshevik revolution. Here we publish contributions from Robert Service, author of a biography of Lenin and The Russian Revolution 1900-27, Robin Blackburn, editor of New Left Review, Sam Farber, author of Before Stalinism, and David Finkel of the American magazine Against the Current, plus a rejoinder from John Rees.
 

David Finkel: Defending 'October' or sectarian dogmatism?
International Socialism Journal nr. 55, jun 92 – side 97
Note: John Rees' 'In defence of October', published in International Socialism 52 has proven to be a controversial account of the Bolshevik revolution. Here we publish contributions from Robert Service, author of a biography of Lenin and The Russian Revolution 1900-27, Robin Blackburn, editor of New Left Review, Sam Farber, author of Before Stalinism, and David Finkel of the American magazine Against the Current, plus a rejoinder from John Rees.
 

Robin Blackburn: Reply to John Rees
International Socialism Journal nr. 55, jun 92 – side 107
Note: John Rees' 'In defence of October', published in International Socialism 52 has proven to be a controversial account of the Bolshevik revolution. Here we publish contributions from Robert Service, author of a biography of Lenin and The Russian Revolution 1900-27, Robin Blackburn, editor of New Left Review, Sam Farber, author of Before Stalinism, and David Finkel of the American magazine Against the Current, plus a rejoinder from John Rees.
 

John Rees: Dedicated followers of fashion
International Socialism Journal nr. 55, jun 92 – side 113
Note: John Rees' 'In defence of October', published in International Socialism 52 has proven to be a controversial account of the Bolshevik revolution. Here we publish contributions from Robert Service, author of a biography of Lenin and The Russian Revolution 1900-27, Robin Blackburn, editor of New Left Review, Sam Farber, author of Before Stalinism, and David Finkel of the American magazine Against the Current, plus a rejoinder from John Rees.
 

Alex Callinicos: Maoism, Stalinism and the Soviet Union
International Socialism Journal nr. 5, jun 79 – side 80
Note: Review: Charles Bettelheim: "Class struggles in the USSR – First period: 1917-1923, Second period: 1923-1930" – 2 vols
 

Alex Callinicos: Soviet Power
International Socialism Journal (1st series) nr. 103, nov 77 – side 7
Note: Sixty years ago this month, the Russian working class overturned the Provisional Government and seized power. This issue of ISJ is devoted to aspects of the Bolshevik revolution – its nature, the fate of the Russian working class, its international impact. In the following article, Alex Callinicos examines the roots of the revolution in the Soviets
 

Alex Callinicos: Guide to Reading: Russian Revolution
International Socialism Journal (1st series) nr. 103, nov 77 – side 13
 

Russ. rev. - højrefløjens angreb

Kevin Murphy: Conceding the Russian Revolution to liberals
International Socialism Journal nr. 126, apr 10 – side 197
Note: A review of Simon Pirani, The Russian Revolution in Retreat, 1920-24: Soviet Workers and the New Communist Elite (Routledge, 2008), £20.00
Readers of this journal who have not had the unpleasant experience of wading through liberal studies of the Soviet working class will nevertheless find the narrative itself all too familiar. These studies acknowledge that there was indeed a popular revolution in 1917, but the nasty and intransigent Lenin and Trotsky refused to share power with the “moderate” socialists.
 

Megan Trudell: Setting the record straight (Robert Service: "Lenin: A Biography")
International Socialism Journal nr. 89, dec 00 – side 101
Note: It is a feature of the debate surrounding the Russian Revolution that the ideological fallout from the collapse of the Soviet Union has disoriented many historians on the left, and that conservative historians have made the most of the confusion to produce works 'proving' the direct link between Lenin's revolutionary government and Stalin's regime. If Robert Service's book is anything to go by, it can only be assumed that the absence of politically rigorous opposition has made conservative historians ill-tempered and lazy.
 

Mikkel Birk Jespersen + Ida H. Jakobsen: “Den hemmelige Lenin” i TV2: TV-løgn om Lenin
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 175, sep 99 – side 8
Note: DR2 viste søndag d. 8. august en såkaldt dokumentar-udsendelse med titlen “Den hemmelige Lenin”. Programmet er et af de ypperste eksempler på borgerskabets ihærdige indsats for at tilsværte den revolutionære, socialistiske tradition.
 

Robert Service: Did Lenin lead to Stalin?
International Socialism Journal nr. 55, jun 92 – side 77
Note: John Rees' 'In defence of October', published in International Socialism 52 has proven to be a controversial account of the Bolshevik revolution. Here we publish contributions from Robert Service, author of a biography of Lenin and The Russian Revolution 1900-27, Robin Blackburn, editor of New Left Review, Sam Farber, author of Before Stalinism, and David Finkel of the American magazine Against the Current, plus a rejoinder from John Rees.
 

Freddie Nielsen + Ågot Berger: Den russiske revolution: Oprør eller kup? Førte Lenin til Stalin?
International Socialisme nr. 1, feb 92 – side 5
Note: De politiske revolutioner i Østeuropa har bragt højrefløjen i offensiven med argumentet, at stalinismens død er socialismens død. Langt ind på venstrefløjen har begivenhederne skabt forvirring omkring hvor meget i den socialistiske tradition, det er muligt at forsvare.
 

Russ. rev. 1905

Pete Glatter: 1905: The consciousness factor
International Socialism Journal nr. 108, sep 05 – side 161
Note: The first revolution to be based on the mass strike reached its peak exactly 100 years ago. Pete Glatter looks at the changes in consciousness that culminated in the formation of the world's first workers' council and an armed uprising.
 

Megan Trudell: Generalprøve på 1917-revolutionen i Rusland: 1905: En ny magt kom til verden
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 238, feb 05 – side 8
Note: For hundrede år siden startede arbejdere og bønder en revolution der rystede de russiske magthavere. Megan Trudell fra Socialist Worker (UK) ser her på 1917-revolutionens generalprøve.
 

Chris Bambery: Rosa Luxemburg: "Massestrejke, parti og fagforeninger": Massestrejken, der kastede lys på arbejderklassens styrke
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 238, feb 05 – side 9
Note: Rosa Luxemburg stammede fra Polen og var indblandet i 1905-revolutionen. Hvad hun erfarede dér inspirerede hende til at skrive en mindre bog, "Massestrejken", som bør læses også i dag.
 

Helen Salmon: 1905 Revolution: The Path to Freedom
Socialist Review nr. 292, jan 05 – side 16
Note: This year marks the centenary of the first Russian Revolution – an event that shaped our understanding of how mass movements can grow.
 

Leon Trotskij: 1905 Revolution: The Axis of All Events
Socialist Review nr. 292, jan 05 – side 17
Note: The 1905 Russian revolution, as described by Leon Trotsky.
We print extracts from Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky's book 1905 where he describes the events that took place.
 

Mark Thomas: The birth of our politics: Marxists and the 1905 revolution
International Socialism Journal nr. 105, dec 04 – side 63
Note: Revolution burst into the last century in 1905 and set a pattern that recurred throughout it. 1905 also peoduced a flowering af Marxist theory. Mark Thomas shows the relevance for today of the events and the ideas.
 

Hans Erik Madsen + Frank Sæther: 1905: Permanent revolution
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 57, feb 90 – side 9
 

1905: Fra massestrejke til revolution
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 8, apr 85 – side 6
Note: Massestrejkerne i Rusland i 1905 blev den store generalprøve på revolutionen i 1917. Bevægelsen frembragte nye ideer og organisationsformer, og arbejderklassen opfattede for første gang sig selv som en selvstændig klasse, der var i stand til at udfordre og fjerne borgerskabet.
 

Russ. rev. 1917

Yunus Bakhsh: Why Read The History of the Russian Revolution?
Socialist Review nr. 382, jul 13 – side 35
Note: Isaac Deutscher, Trotsky’s biographer, described The History of the Russian Revolution as Trotsky’s, “Crowning work, both in scale and power and as the fullest expression of his ideas on revolution.” Trotsky himself says “The history of a revolution, like every other history, ought first of all to tell what happened and how. That however is, little enough. From the very telling it ought to become clear why it happened thus and not otherwise...”
 

Chanie Rosenberg: A to Z of Socialism: K is for Kollontai
Socialist Review nr. 324, apr 08 – side 21
Note: The success of the Russian Revolution of 1917 enabled the radical ideas on women's liberation that had been germinating in pre-revolutionary times to develop, and be widely discussed and materially embodied in the real world.
 

Ken Olende: Review: Lenin’s Petrograd
International Socialism Journal nr. 117, jan 08 – side 198
Note: Review: Alexander Rabinowitch, The Bolsheviks in Power (Indiana University, 2007), £17.99
Alexander Rabinowitch details the October Revolution of 1917 in Petrograd, and how power was won and held over the period until the celebrations of the revolution’s first anniversary.
 

Mike Haynes: Rusland 1917: Massernes magt
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 274, nov 07 – side 10
Note: Revolutioner er noget skidt. I hvert fald, når det drejer sig om ægte sociale revolutioner. Revolution kan være en god ting, så længe de er begrænset til politiske forandringer i samfundets top. Så er det kun glasuren på kagen, der er forandret.
 

Chris Bambery: Rusland 1917: 1917: Den russiske revolution
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 274, nov 07 – side 11
Note: Den russiske revolution i 1917 indvarslede begyndelsen på et radikalt nyt samfund. Arbejderkontrol over produktionen, jord til de bønder, der arbejdede på den, en øjeblikkelig afslutning af krigen samt koloniserede folkeslags ret til selvbestemmelse.
 

Megan Trudell: Rediscovering the revolution (Alexander Rabinowitch: "The Bolsheviks Come to Power: the Revolution of 1917 in Petrograd")
International Socialism Journal nr. 107, jun 05 – side 180
Note: A review of Alexander Rabinowitch, The Bolsheviks Come to Power: the Revolution of 1917 in Petrograd (Pluto Press, 2004), £12.99
 

John Reed: Sovjetene i aksjon
Internasjonal Sosialisme 2 (norsk) nr. 2, jun 98 
Note: Gjennom koret av falske beskyldninger og forvrengninger rettet mot de russiske sovjeter av den borgerlige pressa, høres en stemme som panisk skriker: "Det finnes ikke noe styre i Russland! Det finnes ingen organisasjon blant russiske arbeidere! Det kommer aldri til å gå! Det kommer aldri til å gå!"
Første gang trykt i det amerikanske tidsskriftet The Liberator for oktober 1918.
 

Jørn Andersen: Leon Trotskij: “Læren af Oktober”: Læren af den russiske revolution
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 170, nov 97 – side 6
Note: Trotskijs pjece Læren af Oktober sammenfatter de russiske bolsjevikkers erfaringer med at lave revolution i perioden fra februar til oktober 1917.
 

Martin B. Johansen: 80-året for den russiske oktoberrevolution: En ublodig revolution
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 169, okt 97 – side 4
Note: For 80 år siden – den 25. oktober 1917 – kom arbejderklassen til magten i Rusland i verdenshistoriens første socialistiske revolution.
 

Mike Haynes: Was there a parliamentary alternative in Russia in 1917?
International Socialism Journal nr. 76, sep 97 – side 3
Note: Russia’s revolution has remained intensely controversial for every one of the 80 years since it took place. One central charge made time and again by right-wing and liberal critics of the revolution is that the peaceful emergence of a parliamentary regime was frustrated by the Bolshevik revolution of October 1917. Mike Haynes’s rebuttal of this argument is unusual in taking the options of Russia’s rulers as its starting point. He emphasises the political choices made by the parties of the right and by the socialist supporters of the government. He concludes by demonstrating how these strategies failed to address the most fundamental concerns of the Russian masses and so propelled them towards adopting a revolutionary solution to the crisis.
Alternative URL: REDS – Die Roten.
 

Judy Cox: A light in the darkness. (M Philips Price: "Dispatches from the Revolution: Russia 1916-18")
International Socialism Journal nr. 76, sep 97 – side 109
 

Freddie Nielsen: Rusland – juli 1917: Da arbejdernes tålmodighed bristede
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 162, jul 97 – side 6
Note: Perioden fra den russiske revolution i februar 1917 til arbejderklassens magtovertagelse i oktober var præget af fortsat kamp om magten.

Arbejderne var utålmodige efter at blive det kapitalistiske styre kvit. Det stillede store krav til arbejdernes politiske ledere at sikre, at opstanden kom på et tidspunkt, hvor den havde tilstrækkelig opbakning.
 

Freddie Nielsen: 80 år for Februarrevolutionen 1917: Da arbejderne afsatte zaren
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 153, feb 97 – side 6
Note: Da tusinder af kvindelige tekstilarbejdere i februar 1917 strømmede ud på Petrograds gader i protest mod fødevaremangel og elendige løn- og arbejdsvilkår, blev det startskuddet til en revolution.
 

John Rees: In defence of October
International Socialism Journal nr. 52, sep 91 – side 3
 

Russ. rev. 1918-23

John Rose: Tony Cliff’s Lenin and the Russian Revolution
International Socialism Journal nr. 129, jan 11 – side 183
Note: In Tony Cliff’s original four-volume series on Lenin published in the 1970s, the second volume was entitled All Power to the Soviets and the third Revolution Besieged. Besieged may not mean destroyed, but the civil war, which began in May 1918, fundamentally altered the relations between the soviets and the ruling Bolshevik Party.
 

Simon Pirani: Feedback: Socialism in the 21st century and the Russian Revolution
International Socialism Journal nr. 128, okt 10 – side 203
Note: My book The Russian Revolution in Retreat will not “resonate with the tens of thousands of young people now open to socialist ideas”, according to Kevin Murphy’s negative review in International Socialism 126.
 

Vladimir Unkovski-Korica: The ABC of Communism: Can socialism work?
Socialist Worker nr. 2060, jul 07 – side 13
Note: The recently republished ABC of Communism is a remarkable historical document of the attempt to create a socialist society in Russia after the 1917 October Revolution.
Written in 1920 by Nikolai Bukharin and Yevgeni Preobrazhensky, two leading theoreticians of the Bolshevik party, it ran through 18 Russian editions and 20 foreign translations by the early 1930s.
 

Dave Crouch: The Bolsheviks and Islam
International Socialism Journal nr. 110, mar 06 – side 37
Note: Missing from much of the discussion about socialists and Islam is an appreciation of how Lenin’s Bolsheviks made their revolution after 1917 among the peoples of the former Russian Empire, where 10 percent of the population—some 16 million people—were Muslims.
 

Megan Trudell: The Russian civil war: a Marxist analysis
International Socialism Journal nr. 86, mar 00 – side 83
Note: The Russian civil war shook the imperialist powers of the time, but the real story of the Bolshevik victory has been shrouded in myth. Megan Trudell vindicates the strategy and tactics of the Bolsheviks and sets her account of the civil war in the context of the ongoing crisis of the world system.
 

Sheila McGregor: Revolutionary witness ("Arthur Ransome in Revolutionary Russia" – 2 vols)
International Socialism Journal nr. 55, jun 92 – side 149
 

Abbie Bakan: Kronstadt: A Tragic Necessity
Socialist Review nr. 136, nov 90 – side 18
 

Russ. rev. Nederlag og kontrarevolution

Jørn Andersen + Anders Bæk Simonsen: Hvorfor endte den russiske revolution ikke med socialisme?
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 363, feb 18 – side 9
Note: Nederlag for revolutionerne uden for Rusland var det, der knækkede den russiske revolution.
 

Anders Bæk Simonsen: Leon Trotskij: Revolutionens nederlag
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 355, nov 16 – side 15
Note: Historien om Trotskij kan bedst beskrives som en tragedie.
 

Estelle Cooch: Book review: Labour theory of value?
International Socialism Journal nr. 128, okt 10 – side 218
Note: Donald Filtzer, Wendy Z. Goldman, Gijs Kessler and Simon Pirani (eds), A Dream Deferred: New Studies in Russian and Soviet Labour History (Peter Lang, 2008), £52.70
The great American poet, Langston Hughes asked “What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up, like a raisin in the sun, or fester like a sore and then run?” This book, which takes its title from Hughes’ poem, aims to address those deferred and conflicting dreams that plagued the world’s first socialist revolution in Russia in 1917.
 

Chris Harman: Den russiske revolutions nederlag (1968)
 

Martin B. Johansen: Marxisme i hverdagen: Går revolutioner altid galt?
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 170, nov 97 – side 5
Note: “En af det tyvende århundredes mest katastrofale fejltagelser.” Denne vurdering af den russiske revolution i 1917 er det fælles indhold i langt de fleste af nutidens analyser af revolutionen.
 

Jørn Andersen: Leon Trotskij: “Læren af Oktober”: Læren af den russiske revolution
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 170, nov 97 – side 6
Note: Trotskijs pjece Læren af Oktober sammenfatter de russiske bolsjevikkers erfaringer med at lave revolution i perioden fra februar til oktober 1917.
 

Pete Glatter: Victor Serge: writing for the future (Victor Serge: "Russia Twenty Years After")
International Socialism Journal nr. 76, sep 97 – side 117
 

Dorte Lange: Da Stalin smadrede bolsjevismen
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 159, maj 97 – side 6
Note: De statskapitalistiske regimer i Sovjet og Østeuropa frem til 1989 havde intet med Lenins og bolsjevikkernes ide om socialisme at gøre.
 

Bolsjevikkerne

Jørn Andersen: Lenins Hvad må der gøres?
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 283, okt 08 – side 11
Note: Få bøger har været udsat for den skæbne, som Lenins pjece fra 1902 „Hvad må der gøres?“. Borgerlige har i den set Lenins plan for Stalins Gulag. Revolutionære smågrupper har læst den som en konkret vejledning i alle mulige situationer. Men hvad kan vi bruge den til i dag?
 

Dan Mayer: Lenin & the Bolsheviks: The art of intervening in shifting struggle
Socialist Worker nr. 2057, jun 07 – side 4
Note: Dan Mayer's final column on Lenin asks how the October revolution was won
 

Dan Mayer: Lenin and Bolshevism: Facing the tests of war and revolution
Socialist Worker nr. 2056, jun 07 – side 6
Note: In the third column in our series Dan Mayer looks at how Lenin related to revolution.
 

Dan Mayer: Lenin and Bolshevism: A mass party born in the 1905 Revolution
Socialist Worker nr. 2055, jun 07 – side 6
Note: The second part of Dan Mayer's series explores how a new audience for the Bolsheviks arose out of struggle
 

Dan Mayer: Lenin and Bolshevism: When spontaneous struggle is not enough
Socialist Worker nr. 2054, jun 07 – side 6
Note: Dan Mayer starts our new series on Lenin and the Bolsheviks with a look at the debates among early Russian socialists
 

Pat Stack: A to Z of Socialism: B is for Bolshevik
Socialist Review nr. 315, jun 07 – side 22
Note: When I was a young man way back in the days when Blair was a much loved performer and Brown was noted for his twin ambitions to be leader of the Labour Party and to drink Westminster dry (I speak of course of Lionel and George), the term "Bolshy" was a common one.
 

Paul Blackledge: Lenin: What was done
International Socialism Journal nr. 111, jun 06 – side 111
Note: A review of Lars T Lih: "Lenin Rediscovered: What is to be Done? in Context" (Brill, Historical Materialism series, 2006), euro 129
 

Steve Wright: Den russiske revolution (1984)
 

Tom Christiansen: Da leninismen blev grundlagt
International Socialisme nr. 10, apr 96 – side 4
Note: Hvis man skal fremhæve en enkeltperson, som mere end nogen anden har været central i udviklingen af vores traditions opfattelse af det revolutionære parti, så er det uden tvivl Lenin. For ham var fuldførelsen af de revolutionære opgaver det meste af hans aktive, politiske liv knyttet uadskilleligt sammen med spørgsmålet om organisation.
 

Charlie Lywood: IS-traditionen og partiet – vores afbøjning
International Socialisme nr. 10, apr 96 – side 18
Note: I spørgsmålet om partiet og dets opgaver havde vi i IS i starten et fælles udgangspunkt. I vores allerførste skrift, endda før det første nummer af Socialistisk Arbejderavis, pjecen Hvorfor et Revolutionært Arbejderparti?, blev partiets nødvendighed i en revolution hamret fast i granit.
 

Tony Cliff: Alexandra Kollontai: Russian Marxists and Women Workers
International Socialism Journal nr. 14, sep 81 – side 75
Note: Over the last ten or so years two examples have been used by many who consider themselves socialist feminists to bolster their position of the need for a separate women’s organisation. One was the example of Clara Zetkin and the German socialist movement, the other that of the Russian Marxists and above all Alexandra Kollontai.
 

Duncan Hallas: Review: All Power to the Soviets (part 1)
International Socialism Journal (1st series) nr. 89, jun 76 – side 7
Note: Duncan Hallas on the second volume of Cliff’s Lenin to be published by Pluto Press this month.
 

Komintern

Ken Olende: Book review: The Comintern and the African Atlantic
International Socialism Journal nr. 145, jan 15 – side 203
Note: A review of Hakim Adi, Pan-Africanism and Communism: The Communist International, Africa and the Diaspora, 1919-1939 (Africa World Press, 2013), £28.99, and Holger Weiss, Framing a Radical African Atlantic: African American Agency, West African Intellectuals and the International Trade Union Committee of Negro Workers (Brill, 2013), £170
 

John Riddell: Feedback: Letter to the editor
International Socialism Journal nr. 142, apr 14 – side 201
Note: I would like to question a statement by Sebastian Zehetmair published in issue 136 of your journal in autumn 2012 under the title: “Germany’s Lost Bolshevik: Paul Levi Revisited”. In Zehetmair’s view, the dispute over revolutionary strategy that gripped the Communist International in 1921 was closely linked to a division in the Bolshevik Party over policy towards Russian peasants and towards the NEP (New Economic Policy).
 

Ian Birchall: Being right is not enough: Some thoughts on Paul Levi
International Socialism Journal nr. 138, apr 13 – side 199
Note: John Rose and Sebastian Zehetmair are quite right to welcome the publication of David Fernbach’s collection of Paul Levi’s writings. There is still much to be learnt from the early years of the Communist International.
 

Duncan Hallas: The Comintern (1985)
Note: Denne lille bog forsøger fra et revolutionært socialistisk standpunkt at give en introduktion til Komintern, fra dens stiftende konference i 1919 til Stalins afvikling af den i 1943.
 

Ken Olende: Uniting in struggle: John Riddell on the Communist International in 1922
Socialist Worker nr. 2128, nov 08 – side 14
Note: Historian John Riddell spoke to Ken Olende about his latest project – shedding a new light on the 1922 congress of the Communist International
 

Chris Bambery: Syndicalism and the limits of radical trade unionism
Socialist Worker nr. 2104, jun 08 – side 13
Note: Chris Bambery looks at the issues raised by some fascinating debates between revolutionaries and left wing trade unionists in the early 20th century.
 

John Riddell: The Comintern: The death of the Comintern
Socialist Worker nr. 2077, nov 07 – side 9
Note: John Riddell, the pre-eminent historian of the Communist International (or Comintern), concludes his series with a look at how the degeneration of the revolution in Russia into dictatorship sounded the death knell of the Comintern
 

John Riddell: The Comintern: The united front: ground for common work
Socialist Worker nr. 2076, nov 07 – side 9
Note: In our continuing series on the Communist International, John Riddell, the pre-eminent historian of the International, looks at how revolutionaries can make alliances with trade unions and reformist organisations.
 

John Riddell: The Comintern: Class struggle and trade unions
Socialist Worker nr. 2075, nov 07 – side 9
Note: In the sixth part of our series on the Communist International, known as the Comintern, John Riddell, the pre-eminent historian of the International, looks at the role of trade unions in the struggle for change.
 

John Riddell: The Comintern: Liberation of the sexes
Socialist Worker nr. 2074, okt 07 – side 9
Note: In his series on the Communist International historian John Riddell looks at how the revolutionaries made equality for women a central feature of Communism.
 

John Riddell: The Comintern: Reaching out to the villages
Socialist Worker nr. 2073, okt 07 – side 9
Note: John Riddell, the pre-eminent historian of the Communist International, continues his series by looking at how revolutionaries attempted to reach out to the “toiling masses” of the countryside.
 

John Riddell: The Comintern: How the Third International began
Socialist Worker nr. 2070, sep 07 – side 9
Note: John Riddell, the pre-eminent historian of the Communist Third International, continues his series, by looking at the origins of the International.
 

John Riddell: The Comintern: Stuttgart 1907: debating reform and revolution
Socialist Worker nr. 2065, aug 07 – side 9
Note: As a prologue to a major new series on the Communist International, John Riddell, examines discussions on war and socialist unity at the 1907 Stuttgart conference in Germany.
 

V.I. Lenin: Udkast til teser om det nationale og koloniale spørgsmål
Note: Skrevet i 1920 til Kominterns 2. kongres (og vedtaget med visse ændringer).
 

Leon Trotskij: Om enhetsfronten (1922, norsk)
Note: Oversatt fra "On the United Front (Material for a Report on the Question of French Communism)", Del I: Almene betraktninger om Enhetsfronten. Skrevet av Trotski for det utvidete plenum av Kominterns eksekutivkomité, februar 1922. Trykt i "The First Five Years of the Communist International", volume 2, p.91 (New York 1972).
Her fra Internasjonal Sosialisme, udgivet af IS-Norge, nr. 2, vinteren 1985, s.20-21.
 

Lesley Hoggart: Spirit of revolution (foundation of Comintern)
Socialist Review nr. 118, mar 89 – side 22
Note: Seventy years ago this month revolutionaries from across Europe and America met to found the Communist International. They met as workers throughout Europe were rising in revolt. Lesley Hoggart looks back at this high point of international revolutionary organisation, and shows how their arguments over strategy and tactics provided essential weapons for socialists.
 

Ian Birchall: From Comintern to Cominform
International Socialism Journal (1st series) nr. 87, apr 76 – side 32
Note: The Communist Movement from Comintern to Cominform. Fernando Claudin. Peregrine, £4.75.

Fernando Claudin was an active militant of the Spanish Communist Party for over 20 years, and at the time of his expulsion in 1965 he was a member of its Politbureau.
 

Samtidige revolutioner (1917-23)

John Rose: Luxemburg, Müller and the Berlin workers’ and soldiers’ councils
International Socialism Journal nr. 147, jul 15 – side 113
Note: Two very important new books about the German Revolution were published last year: Working-Class Politics in the German Revolution: Richard Müller, the Revolutionary Shop Stewards and the Origins of the Council Movement by Ralf Hoffrogge and The German Left and the Weimar Republic: A Selection of Documents, translated and introduced by Ben Fowkes.
 

Yusuf Timms: The KPD and the Crisis of World Revolution
International Socialism Journal nr. 140, okt 13 
Note: This year marks the ninetieth anniversary of the “German October”, the aborted socialist revolution that came to mark the end of the post-war revolutionary wave that had washed away monarchical government from most of Central and Eastern Europe. For a time, in the autumn of 1923, there seemed a real possibility that a new front was about to be opened up in the communist revolution that had begun in Russia six years earlier.
 

John Riddell: Feedback: Letter to the editor
International Socialism Journal nr. 142, apr 14 – side 201
Note: I would like to question a statement by Sebastian Zehetmair published in issue 136 of your journal in autumn 2012 under the title: “Germany’s Lost Bolshevik: Paul Levi Revisited”. In Zehetmair’s view, the dispute over revolutionary strategy that gripped the Communist International in 1921 was closely linked to a division in the Bolshevik Party over policy towards Russian peasants and towards the NEP (New Economic Policy).
 

Mark Thomas: Germany's Forgotten Revolution
Socialist Worker nr. 2241, mar 11 – side 10
Note: Between 1918 and 1923 revolution erupted in Germany. Open class warfare gripped the country with uprisings, mass strikes and army mutinies. Armed workers clashed with counter-revolutionary paramilitaries.
 

Volkhard Mosler: The German Revolution: Berlin’s days of hope turned into despair
Socialist Worker nr. 2131, dec 08 – side 6
Note: Our series concludes as Volkhard Mosler describes the moves to crush the revolution in January 1919
 

Volkhard Mosler: The German Revolution: Workers’ councils had power to run society
Socialist Worker nr. 2130, dec 08 – side 6
Note: In the third part of our series Volkhard Mosler examines the movement that rocked Germany’s rulers in 1918
 

Volkhard Mosler: The German Revolution: Horrors of war gave birth to new struggle
Socialist Worker nr. 2129, nov 08 – side 6
Note: In the second part of our series Volkhard Mosler looks at how the German left grew during the war
 

Volkhard Mosler: The German Revolution: How a workers' uprising ended the First World War
Socialist Worker nr. 2128, nov 08 – side 6
Note: Volkhard Mosler opens our new series by looking at how revolt spread from the front to the factories in 1918
It is widely claimed that the 1918 November Revolution in Germany failed. But it succeeded in ending the First World War – the biggest and bloodiest war in human history up to that time.
 

Ole Andersen: Den tyske revolution: Reformismens forræderi
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 179, jan 00 – side 9
 

Charlie Lywood: Tyskland 1918-23: Revolutionen der kunne have ændret verdens gang
Socialistisk Revy nr. 13, mar 99 – side 16
Note: Tyskland 1918-23 var præget af revolutionære tilstande. Charlie Lywood skriver her, at var revolutionen lykkedes, ville verden have set meget anderledes ud i dag. Og vi havde undgået såvel nazismens som stalinismens barbari
 

Tom Christiansen + Juhani Lohikoski: Finland 1918: Den glemte revolution
Socialistisk Revy nr. 3, apr 98 – side 24
Note: Revolutioner er ikke forbeholdt de "varme lande". Juhani Lohikoski skriver om den finske revolution i 1918, og forklarer hvorfor den blev slået ned igen.
 

Kevin Ovenden: Tyskland 1918-23: Den tabte revolution
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 156, apr 97 – side 6
Note: Den tyske revolution endte med nederlag. En sejr kunne have ændret det 20. århundredes forløb.
 

Dorte Lange: Sønderjylland 1918: Revolutionen stod for døren
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 150, jan 97 – side 6
Note: Rådsbevægelsen i slutningen af 1. verdenskrig skabte skræk for en revolution blandt de europæiske borgerskaber. I Sønderjylland dannede arbejdere og soldater råd og overtog magten i flere byer.
 

Kevin Ovenden: Karl Liebknecht 1871-1919: Ja til revolution! Nej til krig!
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 138, jun 96 – side 8
Note: Første verdenskrig splittede arbejderbevægelsen i reformister og revolutionære. Karl Liebknecht fastholdt sin krigsmodstand og argumenterede for nødvendigheden af revolution.
 

Charlie Hore: Jazz – a people's music?
International Socialism Journal nr. 61, dec 93 – side 91
 

Anne Kaltoft: Råd og magt: Antonio Gramsci og fabriksbesættelserne i Torino i 1920
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 28, apr 87 – side 10
Note: Mange socialister mener, at den eneste politiske magt ligger i folketinget. Men historien viser talrige eksempler på, at arbejdere spontant har organiseret sig i råd som alternativ til det eksisterende magtapparat.
 

Lotte Mylendorff: Tyskland 1918-23: Opstand og nederlag
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 16, jan 86 – side 6
Note: »Uden en revolution i Tyskland er vi dødsdømte«, sagde Lenin i 1918. Historien har givet ham ret.
 

Donny Gluckstein: The Workers' Council Movement in Western Europe
International Socialism Journal nr. 18, dec 82 – side 3
Note: The Labour Party has been in government seven times, and seven times it has not only failed to bring socialism but created the same feeling of betrayal. Yet the parliamentary road is still trodden by a large, if increasingly demoralised, army of the left. Despite a rotten past, reformist politics survive because the mass of workers see their choices restricted to the parliamentary system or the Stalinist monolith of eastern Europe.
Yet there is a clear alternative which despite everything refuses to be buried. This is the tradition of workers’ revolutionary self-organisation – of Soviets, or workers’ councils.
 

Stalinistiske regimers klassenatur

Tom Gordon: Book Review: State, power and bureaucracy
International Socialism Journal nr. 151, jul 16 – side 200
Note: A review of Thomas M Twiss, Trotsky and the Problem of Soviet Bureaucracy (Brill/Haymarket, 2015), £25.99
The theory of bureaucratic state capitalism in Russia and elsewhere characterises the International Socialist Tendency and distinguishes us from most other Marxist parties worldwide. So a study of the development of Leon Trotsky’s ideas on the Russian bureaucracy is of particular interest. This book reveals one of the greatest Marxists struggling to come to terms with a wholly new ­phenomenon, the Stalinist bureaucracy.
 

Chris Harman: In perspective: State capitalism – the theory that fuels the practice
Socialist Review nr. 341, nov 09 – side 15
Note: With the fall of the Berlin Wall, many on the left concluded that socialism had failed. Others of us saw these countries as state capitalist and an integral part of the world system. This theory has renewed relevance today.
 

Mike Haynes: A to Z of Socialism: S is for state capitalism
Socialist Review nr. 332, jan 09 – side 21
Note: As global capitalism flounders, the world's governments are scrambling to use state action to try to stop the rot and bail out the system. After two decades of being told that the market works best, the state is back.
 

Tony Cliff: On the Class Nature of the "People’s Democracies" (1950)
Alt. url: vorhaug.net
 

Martin B. Johansen: Marxisme i hverdagen: Statskapitalisme
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 177, nov 99 – side 7
Note: Da regimerne i Østeuropa og Sovjet faldt i årene 1989-91, var det ikke socialismen, der led nederlag, men en variant af kapitalismen, nemlig statskapitalisme.
 

Jakob Nerup: 1989-1999 – 10 året for Murens fald: Statskapitalismen i Østeuropa
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 174, aug 99 – side 10
Note: Vi var mange socialister, som jublede med menneskene i de østeuropæiske lande, da regimerne faldt som dominobrikker i 1989. Endelig døde de stalinistiske diktaturer.
 

Tony Cliff: Østeuropa – socialisme eller statskapitalisme?
Socialistisk Revy nr. 6, aug 98 – side 10
Note: En af grundlæggerne af IS-tendensen, Tony Cliff udviklede teorien om statskapitalisme efter den anden verdenskrig for at forklare, hvorfor Sovjet og de østeuropæiske satelitstater ikke var socialistiske.
Her argumenterer han for, at historien har eftervist hans teori.
 

Alex Callinicos: Rhetoric which cannot conceal a bankrupt theory: a reply to Ernest Mandel
International Socialism Journal nr. 57, dec 92 – side 147
Note: Alex Callinicos replies to Ernest Mandel's article printed in our previous issue.
 

Ernest Mandel: The impasse of schematic dogmatism
International Socialism Journal nr. 56, sep 92 – side 135
Note: Ernest Mandel closes this issue with another contribution to the discussion of the class nature of the Russian and East European states begun in issue 49. International Socialism will reply in a future issue.
 

Ernest Mandel: A theory which has not withstood the test of facts
International Socialism Journal nr. 49, dec 90 – side 43
Note: Reply to Chris Harman’s article in ISJ2:47
 

Chris Harman: Criticism which does not withstand the test of logic
International Socialism Journal nr. 49, dec 90 – side 65
Note: Reply to Ernest Mandel’s article in this issue
 

Derek Howl: The law of value and the USSR
International Socialism Journal nr. 49, dec 90 – side 89
 

Chris Harman: From Trotsky to state capitalism
International Socialism Journal nr. 47, jun 90 – side 137
Note: In a review of Ernest Mandel’s Beyond Perestroika, Chris Harman traces the fate of Trotsky’s analysis of Russia at the hands of the Fourth international and argues that the theory of state capitalism is nearer to the spirit, if not the letter, of Trotsky’s politics. Ernest Mandel has been asked to reply in a future issue.
 

Charlie Lywood: Kapitalismen i krise: Krise i øst
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 17, feb 86 – side 7
Note: De statskapitalistiske lande med USSR, Østeuropa og Kina i spidsen er ikke gået fri af krisen i kapitalismen. De følger udviklingen i verdensøkonomien generelt.
 

Ole Mølholm Jensen: Marxismens betydning: Derfor drikker Ivan
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 10, jun 85 – side 7
Note: I Østeuropa har der været mange store opstande mod de arbejds- og levevilkår, som den østeuropæiske arbejderklasse er underlagt. Det har været opstande, som i flere tilfælde har rystet den herskende klasse i parti- og statsapparatet. De største har fundet sted i Ungarn i 56, Tjekkoslovakiet i 68 og Solidarnosc i Polen i 80/81.
 

Ole Mølholm Jensen: Marxismens betydning: Ingen lysende fyrtårne
Socialistisk Arbejderavis nr. 9, maj 85 – side 7
Note: Torsdag den 11. april døde Enver Hoxha. Han var statsleder i Albanien fra 1944 til sin død. For nogle var torsdag den 11. en sorgens dag. Det gjaldt for de små grupper uden for Albanien, som har set Albanien som socialismens lysende fyrtårn.
 

Alex Callinicos: Wage Labour and State Capitalism: A reply to Peter Binns and Mike Haynes
International Socialism Journal nr. 12, mar 81 – side 97
Note: An otherwise excellent critique of “exceptionalist” analyses of the eastern bloc by Peter Binns and Mike Haynes in a recent issue of International Socialism was vitiated by the authors’ acceptance of the proposition that “wage-labour is not necessary to capital” (p. 29).
 

Mike Haynes + Peter Binns: New theories of Eastern Europe class societies
International Socialism Journal nr. 7, dec 79 – side 18
Note: Peter Binns and Mike Haynes critically examine a growing consensus between Marxist oppositionists in the east and some independent western Marxists who have decisively rejected Maoist and ‘Orthodox’ Trotskyist accounts of those countries, but who have equally not yet been convinced of the theory of state capitalism. The article argues that these new views are not just mistaken, but also dangerous, leading, if taken up consistently, to a reformist strategy in the west.
 

Nigel Harris: Mao and Marx
International Socialism Journal (1st series) nr. 89, jun 76 – side 16
Note: On Charles Bettleheim: "The Class Struggle in the USSR"
 

Chris Harman: Review: The Inconsistencies of Ernest Mandel
International Socialism Journal (1st series) nr. 41, dec 69 – side 36
Note: Review: E. Mandel, The Inconsistencies of State Capitalism, IMG, 4s.
 

Tony Cliff: The theory of bureaucratic collectivism: A critique (1948)
International Socialism Journal (1st series) nr. 32, mar 68 – side 13
Note: For obvious reasons, discussion of the nature of Soviet society was central to the thinking of most socialists of the last generation.
 

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